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Adding NAD+ directly is the most literal way to top up the tank

Step 1: Identify the Primary Clinical Problem Start with the actual medical objective

[2] Pharmacokinetic studies demonstrate rapid systemic distribution with peak plasma levels occurring within 30-60 minutes of intramuscular injection, followed by extensive hepatic storage and enterohepatic recycling

GPT2 downregulation in the GBM mesenchymal subtype correlated to upregulation of genes involved in GSH synthesis Once Glu is synthesized it can be converted to KG, an intermediate of the TCA cycle, by glutamate dehydrogenase (GLUD1) and glutamate transaminases, as glutamate oxaloacetate transaminases (GOT1cytosolic and GOT2mitochondrial) and glutamate pyruvate transaminases (GPT1cytosolic and GPT2mitochondrial), which transfer amino groups from oxaloacetate or from pyruvate to generate KG and aspartate or alanine, respectively [17]

However, other scholars have found opposing results

Other toxic molecules are then formed, leading to tissue, cellular, and DNA damage [13, 15]